Public project record · Nepal
Development projects in Nepal
Explore projects reported by development organizations, donors, and public sources. Every record shows what is known, what is not reported, and where the evidence comes from.
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Strengthening the Capacity of National Human Rights Commission of Nepal
55%data completenessThis project will focus on strengthening the capacity of NHRC and achieve its objectives as enshrined in the NHRC Strategic Plan (2008-2010) in order to effectively implement its mandate. The expected outcome is: Responsive and accessible justice system and human rights to promote gender equality, social inclusion and rule of law including formal and informal processes.
- Organization
- Swiss Development Cooperation
- Budget
- — · not reported
- Timeline
- Timeline not reported
- Coverage
- Nepal
Needs more data·1 source - completed
Nepal: Peace Support Project
65%data completenessContribute to the peace process by providing interim cash transfers and services to eligible conflict-affected groups and by increasing transparency and accountability in the delivery of these benefits.
- Organization
- World Bank Nepal
- Budget
- — · not reported
- Timeline
- May 6, 2008 → Jun 30, 2014
- Coverage
- Nepal
Good record·1 source - completed
Poverty Alleviation Fund II
95%data completenessThe Second Poverty Alleviation Fund Project (PAF) will assist Government of Nepal (GoN) in implementing a significant scaling up of the PAF program. The Project Development Objective (PDO) is to improve living conditions, livelihoods and empowerment among the rural poor, with particular attention to groups that have traditionally been excluded by reasons of gender, ethnicity, caste and location. This is to be achieved through: (a) investing in community selected and managed sub-projects that create access to basic socioeconomic infrastructure and services, increase assets, generate employment and expand income-generating opportunities in poor villages; (b) enhancing the capacity of local bodies, particularly the Village Development Committees (VDCs), to provide better services for poor and socially excluded groups; and (c) improving government efforts to better coordinate support targeted towards poor and excluded groups. Given the rapid and successful implementation under the original PAF project, PAF II will maintain the existing design features, activities and inputs, under the following five components: (a) Small-Scale Village and Community Infrastructure, whereby small investments in infrastructure and services can make an important difference to poor communities; (b) Income Generating Sub-projects by which matching grants will be provided to self-selected groups of poor and excluded people for income-generation activities, based on objective criteria including ethnicity, caste, gender and poverty levels; (c) Innovation and Special Programs to continue to support proposals meriting special consideration owing to exceptional needs in a given context, or demonstrating innovative ways to improve livelihoods development and reach targeted groups; (d) Capacity Building which includes five sub-components: (i) Social Mobilization of Community Groups; (ii) Capacity Building for Local Bodies; (iii) Capacity Building for Target Groups Engaged in Income-Generating Activities; (iv) Support to Rural and Community Finance; (v) Information, Monitoring and Evaluation; and (e) Administration of PAF II which will continue to finance the operating costs of the PAF, including staff costs and other operating expenses.
- Organization
- World Bank Nepal
- Budget
- USD 241.5M
- Timeline
- Dec 6, 2007 → Dec 31, 2018
- Coverage
- Nepal
Complete record·1 source - completed
UNHCR operation in Nepal (2023)
100%data completenessNepal has a longstanding tradition of providing asylum. The country hosts around 20,000 refugees, including those from Tibet, Bhutan and other states. The main arrivals of refugees took place in 1959 with an influx from Tibet, and again in 1990/1991 with an influx from Bhutan. UNHCR supports the Government of Nepal in various programmes to protect and assist refugees in the country. This includes advocacy for legal identity documentation, livelihood programmes to achieve self-reliance, and the inclusion of refugees into policies, public services and the Government of Nepal’s Emergency, Development and SDG planning. UNHCR works in close partnership with the Ministry of Home Affairs, other key ministries, provincial and local authorities, community-based organizations, development partners, donors, the private sector, NGOs, civil societies, and most importantly, the refugees themselves. Between 2007 to 2016, UNHCR helped resettle more than 113,500 Bhutanese refugees to eight different countries in one of the largest group resettlement programmes globally. This activity shows details of the UNHCR operation in Nepal for 2023 including the budget, funding, expenditure and results.
- Organization
- UNHCR Nepal
- Budget
- USD 3.2M
- Timeline
- Jan 1, 2023 → Dec 31, 2023
- Coverage
- Nepal
Complete record·1 source·Funded by UNHCR Nepal - completed
Building the leaders for today and tomorrow: Centre Awards 2016-2017
80%data completenessIDRC is committed to developing a critical mass of trained and experienced researchers and innovators in Canada and in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) to promote sustainable and inclusive development globally. This project will nurture emerging leaders in the application of research to solve development problems, providing a new generation with opportunities to participate actively in crafting innovative solutions to real-world problems, and to build careers in relevant fields. It will fund both academic study and hands-on experience. Some awards will enable doctoral students at Canadian universities to do field research in developing countries. Other awards will offer graduates a program of training in research, research management, and grant administration, under the guidance of IDRC program staff. In total, the project will support training and research awards for more than 30 Canadians and developing country nationals. This funding will enable Canadian and LMIC students to carry out doctoral field research in LMICs as the key input for their theses and in partial fulfillment of the requirements for their doctoral degree (IDRC Doctoral Research Awards – IDRAs). It will also provide support for 11 Masters or PhD level researchers to (i) receive mentoring from an IDRC program officer while conducting a research project, including field work, leading to a final presentation and journal-quality report, and ii) gain experience in aspects related to program management at IDRC (IDRC Research Awards – RAs). Finally, it will provide support for one Canadian Science Policy Fellow to spend 12 months at the Centre on one or more special project(s) to inform evidence-based policy in an area of mutual interest to the Fellow and the Centre.
- Organization
- International Development Research Centre
- Budget
- — · not reported
- Timeline
- Feb 27, 2017 → Feb 26, 2018
- Coverage
- Nepal
Complete record·2 sources - completed
Nepal Earthquake 2015: Consolidating the Lessons for Building Better Resilience
95%data completenessNepal's recovery from the massive 7.8 magnitude earthquake in May 2015 brought hardship and economic challenges. This project will examine approaches to help Nepal manage natural disasters more effectively in the future. Huge economic and infrastructure losses The disaster triggered more than 1,000 landslides that closed roads, damaged hydroelectric power projects, and swept away small cities, villages, and terraced farmlands in the mid-hills. Fourteen of Nepal's 75 districts were severely hit, affecting almost 8 million people. The damage was estimated at US$7 billion, with three-quarters of that amount attributed to destroyed physical assets. The U.S. Geological Survey estimated that losses could exceed country's US$20 billion annual gross domestic product. Post-quake rebuilding effort While the immediate response of national, regional, and international governments and humanitarian groups was impressive, there are concerns about the Nepalese government's ability to oversee the complex post-quake rebuilding effort. After years of slow growth and political turmoil, Nepal lacks the knowledge it needs to develop an effective reconstruction package. The country needs the international community's help to develop better policies and to rebuild its ravaged infrastructure. Time to build Nepal's resiliency The project team will organize a three-day national dialogue to: -reflect on the earthquake's implications -develop future research agendas on disasters -develop resiliency in Nepal The event will convene researchers from the Nepal Water Conservation Foundation networks, private companies, and government agencies to discuss disaster risk reduction and practical options to enhance post-disaster resiliency. Project outputs will include: -Research reports on the issues associated with disasters and livelihoods -Well-defined research agenda on natural disasters and how to develop resiliency -Network of institutions and individuals interested in developing and implementing disaster risk related measures in Nepal
- Organization
- International Development Research Centre
- Budget
- USD 13K
- Timeline
- Mar 1, 2016 → Aug 22, 2017
- Coverage
- Nepal
Complete record·1 source - completed
Nepal Terrace Farmers and Sustainable Agriculture Kits (CIFSRF Phase 2)
95%data completenessThis project will test terrace farming innovations and offer strategies for NGOs to help 100,000 Nepalese entrepreneurs by establishing a start-up company to support product sales. The results may contribute to economic growth in areas of South and Southeast Asia where terrace farmers are prevalent. Partnering to support sustainable growth This project is a unique private-public partnership model for sustainable development, led by Local Initiatives for Biodiversity, Research and Development in Nepal and the University of Guelph in Canada. The project focuses on a key development problem in a region where male outmigration is generating the need for new gender-sensitive technologies and approaches for sustainable hillside agricultural intensification. Testing systems and technologies for better futures Specifically, the project team will: -test strategies to intensify terrace agriculture in a sustainable manner, including terrace wall farming (where walls comprise 20 to 50% of hillside surface area); -test products that reduce women's hard physical work on terraces; -produce a picture book to share best practices with illiterate women; -test products that encourage sustainability, employing a Canadian biotech invention called GlnLux to maximize organic nitrogen fertilizer production; -test and pilot products that help farmers develop more resilient farming systems, including biodiversity seed kits and smart phone extension technologies; and -test strategies that encourage farmers to experiment and reduce dependency on government systems (e.g., self-production of certified seeds). Improving opportunities for product sales The project team will test a distribution model to sell products in sustainable agriculture kits or to rent out "community sustainable agriculture kits" for expensive machinery. They will use a stall-based franchise model and local vendors. The team will procure products from Canadian and Nepalese companies to promote bilateral trade and to encourage scaling-up.
- Organization
- International Development Research Centre
- Budget
- USD 587K
- Timeline
- Aug 1, 2014 → Feb 28, 2018
- Coverage
- Nepal
Complete record·2 sources - completed
Strengthened capacity to ratify and apply international labour standards
80%data completenessNo project description reported.
- Organization
- ILO Nepal
- Budget
- USD 101K
- Timeline
- Jan 1, 2012 → Dec 31, 2013
- Coverage
- Nepal
Complete record·2 sources·Funded by ILO Nepal - completed
Implementation of indigenous peoples’ rights in Nepal
90%data completenessNo project description reported.
- Organization
- ILO Nepal
- Budget
- USD 74K
- Timeline
- Apr 2, 2012 → Jan 4, 2015
- Coverage
- Nepal
Complete record·2 sources·Funded by ILO Nepal - completed
Gender Mainstreaming in the ILO Norway Partnership Agreement in Nepal
100%data completenessFollowing on from the activities undertaken under different phases of the Norway/ILO Partnership throughout 2008-2011, the project will focus on ensuring that the work of the Norway/ILO Partnership Agreement (PA) in Nepal is gender mainstreamed: i.e. that “women’s as well as men’s concerns form an integral dimension of the design, implementation, monitoring and evaluation” of the ILO’s work in Nepal, so that “women and men benefit equally and inequality is not perpetuated.” Under the Norway/ILO PA, GENDER will work with ILO colleagues and constituents in Nepal to ensure that work being undertaken in the following areas is gender mainstreamed: • Workers’ activities • Employers’ activities
- Organization
- ILO Nepal
- Budget
- USD 89K
- Timeline
- Jun 1, 2012 → Jun 30, 2014
- Coverage
- Nepal
Complete record·2 sources·Funded by ILO Nepal - completed
Preventing the Trafficking of Women and Girls for Domestic Work
100%data completenessThe proposed project follows a sequential approach with an initial phase of nine months (Sept 2011-June 2012). This first phase is designed as a pilot phase, exploring partnerships to jumpstart activities, to be followed by a second phase (April 2012-2014) to expand proven practices based on assessment and learning. All project components and interventions will be guided by the principles and standards contained in the ILO Multilateral Framework on Labour Migration and applicable ILO/UN conventions and instruments, especially ILO C.189 on decent work for domestic workers. The project pursues a three-pronged strategy to prevent the trafficking of 60,000 women and girls by (1) Reducing MDW’ vulnerability to trafficking and forced labour practices by raising their overall awareness on trafficking and the capacity of organizations who serve them; (2) Improving livelihoods and reintegration services to DW, in particular victims of trafficking; (3) Building the capacity in government officials (law enforcement) and other key stakeholders to increase their effectiveness in combating forced labour practices and trafficking.
- Organization
- ILO Nepal
- Budget
- USD 158K
- Timeline
- Nov 28, 2011 → Oct 31, 2014
- Coverage
- Nepal
Complete record·1 source·Funded by ILO Nepal - completed
Support to the Implementation of Nepal’s National Master Plan on the Elimination of Child Labour
100%data completenessExecutive Summary (one page) Nepal has been in the forefront of the combat on child labour. At the request of the Government of Nepal and the Social Partners, the new ILO project, “Support to the Implementation of Nepal’s National Master Plan on the Elimination of Child Labour” will support the implementation of the National Master Plan 2011/20. A key challenge is the inadequate and ineffective institutional and human resource capacity, particularly of public institutions with responsibility for governance, coordination, monitoring, and reporting on child labour elimination efforts. The Child Labour Elimination Section (CLES) under the lead Ministry of Labour and Transport Management is the key national entity for coordinating, monitoring and reporting on child labour interventions in the country. The Government recognizes that without an effective and capacitated CLES, the goals set out by the National Master Plan will not be achieved. The Project will contribute to the national Outcome (2) of the ILO Decent Work Country Programme (DWCP) for Nepal, that is: “strengthened labour market governance by 2012”. The key project outcomes are; informed and conducive policy and legal framework for child labour elimination and prevention will be in place and functional and the governmental and non-governmental agencies and social partners will be engaged in concerted and effective implementation of the NMP 2011-20 on child labour elimination and prevention, with a priority on its worst forms. The proposed project, through direct support to the CLES of the MOLTM, will launch and support the implementation of the National Master Plan on the Worst Forms of Child Labour. The ILO will achieve the two outcomes with the strategies outlined below. It will collaborate closely with the CLES and will engage the social partners, local and international NGOs working in Nepal, relevant agencies and groups and the donors. The project will be administratively and technically administered by the ILO Country Office for Nepal, based in Kathmandu. An international adviser, on EXCOL contract, will be appointed by the ILO and will administratively work under the direct supervision of Director ILO Country Office Kathmandu. The ILO will provide administrative and management oversight through its Country Office in Nepal, and technical guidance and oversight through its Decent Work Country Team for South Asia and its technical department, namely IPEC.
- Organization
- ILO Nepal
- Budget
- USD 78K
- Timeline
- Jul 19, 2011 → Sep 30, 2013
- Coverage
- Kathmandu, Bagmati
Complete record·2 sources·Funded by ILO Nepal - completed
Building Effective Water Governance in the Asian Highlands
95%data completenessThe Asian Highlands, including the Himalaya and Tibetan Plateau, are the source of most major rivers in Asia and sustain nearly three billion people living downstream. Global warming and related climatic changes are predicted to impact river flows, soil moisture, and groundwater availability in the region. Socio-economic pressures are expected to compound water insecurity, particularly for vulnerable communities. At the same time, regional governments have yet to engage citizens in decision-making or address issues of trans-boundary water and governance. This project seeks to facilitate effective water resource management in the Asian Highlands by integrating climate change impact analysis with assessments of vulnerability, livelihood options, and water policy. Researchers at the Kunming Institute of Botany in China will develop regional bioclimatic maps and model climate scenarios to predict climate change impacts in the Asian Highlands. HELVETAS Swiss Intercooperation will partner with the Kunming Institute to assess vulnerability and capacity to adapt to climate change in select communities in Nepal and Pakistan, while the Institute will lead vulnerability assessments in China. These case studies, coupled with climate data and an analysis of water policies, customary rights, and water management practices, will form the basis for local and regional shared-learning dialogues. The project will also look at the interaction between key stakeholders, the distribution of risks and benefits, and the negotiation of outcomes. Findings will be delivered through regional policy briefs, technical reports based on downscaled climate models, and peer-reviewed scientific publications. A variety of multi-media tools and data visualization methods will be used to communicate results to local communities, development practitioners, and key decision-makers. This project is funded through IDRC's Adaptation Research Initiative in Asia (ARI-Asia) with funds from the Government of Canada's fast-start financing
- Organization
- International Development Research Centre
- Budget
- USD 110K
- Timeline
- Sep 1, 2012 → Jan 5, 2018
- Coverage
- Nepal
Complete record·2 sources - completed
Elimination of bonded labour
80%data completenessNo project description reported.
- Organization
- ILO Nepal
- Budget
- USD 49K
- Timeline
- Jan 1, 2010 → Dec 31, 2012
- Coverage
- Nepal
Complete record·1 source·Funded by ILO Nepal - completed
Assess HIV vulnerability of sex worker returnee from India to design HIV prevention, treatment and care services
100%data completenessExecutive Summary This UNAIDS PAF project aims to assess the HIV vulnerabilities among returning Nepalese sex workers from India and design HIV prevention, treatment and care package tailored to their needs based on the findings. The project is executed by ILO in collaboration with UNDP, UNFPA, UNODC, UNICEF and UNAIDS Secretariat. The needs assessment will form the evidence-base to enrich current knowledge which could contribute to improving responses for this population. In the short term the results of needs assessment wilinform the national strategic plan to ensure returning sex workers ‘ rights are protected as well ensuring their access to HIV prevention, treatment, care and support services. In the longer term, these consideration will be incorporated into the national strategic plan to support the development of appropriate responses for this population.
- Organization
- ILO Nepal
- Budget
- USD 15K
- Timeline
- Apr 1, 2011 → Aug 15, 2014
- Coverage
- Nepal
Complete record·1 source·Funded by ILO Nepal - completed
Promoting City-Wide Inclusive Sanitation through Climate Resilience
95%data completenessto improve city-wide inclusive sanitation service delivery in Nepal and Senegal through policy interventions, development of innovative business models and bankable project design
- Organization
- Gates Foundation
- Budget
- USD 1.2M
- Timeline
- Mar 20, 2019 → Aug 14, 2023
- Coverage
- Nepal
Complete record·1 source - completed
GALVmed reinvestment: Veterinary Innovations Transforming Animal health &
95%data completenessto develop new livestock vaccines and private sector based market development initiatives that will significantly improve smallholder income and productivity through access to, and, usage of effective animal products
- Organization
- Gates Foundation
- Budget
- USD 4.0M
- Timeline
- Oct 2, 2017 → Jul 20, 2026
- Coverage
- Nepal
Complete record·1 source - completed
COVID response
100%data completenessThis is part of the COVID health response with a focus on those affected by the secondary impacts of COVID and maintaining resilience into the monsoon season in order to slow the spread of COVID save lives and reduce suffering and indignity.
- Organization
- Save The Children UK
- Budget
- USD 3.4M
- Timeline
- Jul 6, 2020 → Aug 31, 2021
- Coverage
- Nepal
Complete record·1 source·Funded by Save The Children UK - active
Global: Climate competitiveness: Building opportunities in the green economy for emerging and developing countries
100%data completenessThe project aims to increase the engagement of seven developing and emerging countries in the Trade and Environment Structured Sustainability Discussions (TESSD) and the Committee on Trade and Environment (CTE) at World Trade Organisation (WTO). The project will carry out research in partnership with countries on the role of trade in supporting climate change mitigation and adaptation objectives. On the basis of this research, it will support countries to make submissions to the WTO CTE and TESSD in the form of best practices, lessons learnt, common regional approaches on standards etc. Furthermore, the project will provide tailor made capacity building for MSMEs on trade and environment related issues.
- Organization
- International Trade Centre (ITC)
- Budget
- USD 2K
- Timeline
- Dec 7, 2022 → Dec 31, 2026
- Coverage
- Nepal
Complete record·1 source·Funded by International Trade Centre (ITC) - completed
Nepal Emergency Response and Recovery Framework
100%data completenessThis aim of this project is to re-establish emergency stockpiles for future responses in Nepal with a focus on prepositioned items for shelter WASH and protection
- Organization
- Save The Children UK
- Budget
- USD 198K
- Timeline
- Dec 5, 2017 → Mar 31, 2018
- Coverage
- Nepal
Complete record·1 source·Funded by Save The Children UK - completed
Nepal Flood Response 2017
100%data completenessThe aim of this project is to provide emergency humanitarian assistance to communities affected by flood through distributing lifesaving items such as hygeine kits and water kits as well as constructing temporary latrines for the use of the most affected populations.
- Organization
- Save The Children UK
- Budget
- USD 65K
- Timeline
- Aug 19, 2017 → Oct 3, 2017
- Coverage
- Nepal
Complete record·1 source·Funded by Save The Children UK - completed
Rehabilitation of Water Sources
100%data completenessThe purpose of this project is to support the recovery of people in earthquake-affected areas of Nepal through an improved physical WASH facilities; an increase in promotion of safe personal household and community hygiene and sanitation practices in order to reduce the prevalence of water borne diseases; and engaging local government and communities for long term sustainability of the water supply systems.
- Organization
- Save The Children UK
- Budget
- USD 532K
- Timeline
- Jan 1, 2018 → Mar 31, 2022
- Coverage
- Nepal
Complete record·1 source·Funded by Save The Children UK - completed
Safer Schools Project 2017
100%data completenessThe aim of this project is to make schools safer places for children by supporting schools in Nepal in strengthening their disaster resilience and preparedness
- Organization
- Save The Children UK
- Budget
- USD 224K
- Timeline
- Mar 1, 2018 → Jun 30, 2021
- Coverage
- Nepal
Complete record·1 source·Funded by Save The Children UK - completed
Earthquake Response
100%data completenessThe aim of this project is to build resilient communities for earthquake survivors through improved capacity for education sector to reduce risks of future disasters and improved access to access to safe and sustainable housing water and sanitation facilities
- Organization
- Save The Children UK
- Budget
- USD 1.3M
- Timeline
- May 1, 2017 → Apr 30, 2018
- Coverage
- Nepal
Complete record·1 source·Funded by Save The Children UK - completed
Developing an information sharing framework for public awareness and advocacy for coronavirus prevention in South Asia
95%data completenessDeveloping countries are expected to be disproportionately impacted by the COVID-19 health crisis because these societies may be more vulnerable to higher infection rates and greater death rates due to weaker health systems. Many countries have less fiscal capacity to invest in interventions to flatten the curve and keep daily cases at a manageable level for their healthcare systems. Misinformation and disinformation have become a major issue during the COVID-19 pandemic. The United Nations system and the World Health Organization have labelled current trends in misinformation and cybercrime as an “infodemic” parallel to the COVID-19 pandemic. Misinformation is a significant problem for vulnerable populations in the contexts of weak public health systems and insufficient healthcare facilities. It not only hinders effective responses to the pandemic, in several countries it is leading to instability and violence against ethnic groups accused of transmitting the virus, and against healthcare facilities and professionals targeted by conspiracy theories. Despite having high GDP growth rates, South Asia lags with respect to systems, infrastructure, and spending on public healthcare. Population density in South Asia is very high, making managing and containing outbreaks, especially in dense slums, very difficult. This project aims to counter misinformation about COVID-19 in the region by developing factual content for new media. It will study how misinformation relating to COVID-19 circulates and create content customized for context, culture, and language across communities in South Asia.
- Organization
- International Development Research Centre
- Budget
- USD 22K
- Timeline
- Sep 1, 2020 → May 20, 2021
- Coverage
- Nepal
Complete record·1 source - completed
Intervention and Rehabilitation of Water Resources
100%data completenessThe aim of this project is to meet WASH needs of vulnerable and marginalised groups in disaster-affected districts in order to support their recovery. The project seeks to support local and national government recovery plans to build back better and more resilient and equitable water schemes and WASH infrastructure.
- Organization
- Save The Children UK
- Budget
- USD 1.2M
- Timeline
- Sep 1, 2016 → Dec 31, 2017
- Coverage
- Nepal
Complete record·1 source·Funded by Save The Children UK - completed
Nepal Response
100%data completenessThe funding is to provide an emergency response to the most vulnerable children and families affected by the 2015 Nepal Earthquake.
- Organization
- Save The Children UK
- Budget
- USD 4.9M
- Timeline
- Nov 1, 2015 → Apr 30, 2017
- Coverage
- Nepal
Complete record·1 source·Funded by Save The Children UK - completed
Providing Essential Life-Saving Shelter
100%data completenessThe aim of this project is to provide essential life-saving shelter to communities affected by the Nepal earthquake.
- Organization
- Save The Children UK
- Budget
- USD 1.1M
- Timeline
- Sep 1, 2015 → Apr 30, 2016
- Coverage
- Nepal
Complete record·1 source·Funded by Save The Children UK - completed
Nepal Earthquake Response
100%data completenessThis funding has been provided to respond to the 2015 Nepal Earthquake.
- Organization
- Save The Children UK
- Budget
- USD 2.2M
- Timeline
- Apr 25, 2015 → Oct 31, 2015
- Coverage
- Nepal
Complete record·1 source·Funded by Save The Children UK - completed
Nepal Earthquake Response 2
100%data completenessThis funding has been provided for the 2nd phase of the response to the 2015 Nepal Earthquake.
- Organization
- Save The Children UK
- Budget
- USD 748K
- Timeline
- May 1, 2015 → Sep 24, 2015
- Coverage
- Nepal
Complete record·1 source·Funded by Save The Children UK
How to read project data
A missing budget or date means the source did not provide it to Nepal Impact; it is not an estimate. Completeness measures the presence of core fields, while data confidence reflects source-level trust. Use the original source and the correction link on each project page for verification.