Institute for Integrated Development Studies

3.1 Quantitative Data Collection The quantitative data collection process will be designed to ensure statistical rigor, data reliability, and adherence to IFPRI’s research protocols. The steps outlined below describe the sequential methodological approach that IIDS will adopt: Sampling and Listing IIDS will conduct a rapid household listing exercise in the study villages of Lumbini Province to establish a comprehensive sampling frame. The listing will identify eligible treatment households (current digital and AI-enabled advisory service users) and control households (non-users) to facilitate a robust counterfactual analysis. GeoKrishi and AgTech B2B platforms will provide user lists, while non-user households will be identified through field-based household enumeration in coordination with local cooperatives and government institutions at local level. Randomization and stratified sampling procedures will be applied following IFPRI’s design to ensure representativeness across districts, ecological zones, and farmer categories. Detailed records of household identifiers, GPS coordinates, and contact information will be securely maintained.